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“Pepper”
Pepper of Almar Poms

Pomeranian

  • Pepper, a Pomeranian tested with EmbarkVet.com Pepper, a Pomeranian tested with EmbarkVet.com
    Pepper at 3 months old

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Registration

American Kennel Club (AKC): TS54280301

Genetic Breed Result

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Pomeranian

The Pomeranian is a cocky, animated companion with an extroverted personality.

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Health Summary

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Pepper has one variant that you should let your vet know about.

ALT Activity

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Pepper inherited both copies of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Pepper has two copies of a variant in the GPT gene and is likely to have a lower than average baseline ALT activity. ALT is a commonly used measure of liver health on routine veterinary blood chemistry panels. As such, your veterinarian may want to watch for changes in Pepper's ALT activity above their current, healthy, ALT activity. As an increase above Pepper’s baseline ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Methemoglobinemia (CYB5R3)

Identified in Pomeranians

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, rcd3 (PDE6A)

Identified in Pomeranians

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones (SLC2A9)

Identified in Pomeranians

Oculocutaneous Albinism, OCA (SLC45A2, Small Breed Variant)

Identified in Pomeranians

Hereditary Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets (VDR)

Identified in Pomeranians

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Pepper’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

B1

Haplotype

B60

Map

B1

Pepper of Almar Poms’s Haplogroup

B1 is the second most common maternal lineage in breeds of European or American origin. It is the female line of the majority of Golden Retrievers, Basset Hounds, and Shih Tzus, and about half of Beagles, Pekingese and Toy Poodles. This lineage is also somewhat common among village dogs that carry distinct ancestry from these breeds. We know this is a result of B1 dogs being common amongst the European dogs that their conquering owners brought around the world, because nowhere on earth is it a very common lineage in village dogs. It even enables us to trace the path of (human) colonization: Because most Bichons are B1 and Bichons are popular in Spanish culture, B1 is now fairly common among village dogs in Latin America.

B60

Pepper of Almar Poms’s Haplotype

Part of the large B1 haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most commonly in Saint Bernards. It’s a rare find!

The B1 haplogroup can be found in village dogs like the Peruvian Village Dog, pictured above.

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that Pepper inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since Pepper is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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