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“Sweety”
DBF Bobcat Sugar And Spice

Russell-type Terrier

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Genetic Breed Result

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Russell-type Terrier

These small, energetic terriers, developed in 19th century England for hunting small game, are now some of the best agility dogs around.

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Health Summary

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Sweety inherited one variant that you should learn more about.

And one variant that you should tell your vet about.

Dilated Cardiomyopathy, DCM1

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Sweety inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

Research indicates that this genetic variant is not likely to increase the risk that Sweety will develop this condition.

Scientific Basis

Dogs with Sweety’s breed have been included in research studies or have had follow-up by our experts that indicate that this genetic variant is not likely to increase the risk of Sweety developing clinical disease.

Impact on Breeding

This genetic result should not be the primary factor in your breeding decisions.

What is Dilated Cardiomyopathy, DCM1?

DCM is the most common acquired heart disease of adult dogs. The heart has two heavily muscled ventricles that pump blood away from the heart. This disease causes progressive weakening of the ventricles by reducing the muscle mass, which causes the ventricles to dilate. Dilated ventricles do not contract and circulate oxygenated blood well, which eventually leads to heart failure.

ALT Activity

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Sweety inherited one copy of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Sweety has one copy of a variant associated with reduced ALT activity as measured on veterinary blood chemistry panels. Please inform your veterinarian that Sweety has this genotype, as ALT is often used as an indicator of liver health and Sweety is likely to have a lower than average resting ALT activity. As such, an increase in Sweety’s ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, SCID (PRKDC, Terrier Variant)

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Primary Lens Luxation (ADAMTS17)

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones (SLC2A9)

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Enamel Hypoplasia (ENAM SNP, Parson Russell Terrier Variant)

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Late Onset Spinocerebellar Ataxia (CAPN1)

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Spinocerebellar Ataxia with Myokymia and/or Seizures (KCNJ10)

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM (SOD1A)

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome, CMS (CHRNE, Jack Russell Terrier Variant)

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I) (FGF4 retrogene - CFA12)

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

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Through Sweety’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1a

Haplotype

A388

Map

A1a

DBF Bobcat Sugar And Spice’s Haplogroup

A1a is the most common maternal lineage among Western dogs. This lineage traveled from the site of dog domestication in Central Asia to Europe along with an early dog expansion perhaps 10,000 years ago. It hung around in European village dogs for many millennia. Then, about 300 years ago, some of the prized females in the line were chosen as the founding dogs for several dog breeds. That set in motion a huge expansion of this lineage. It's now the maternal lineage of the overwhelming majority of Mastiffs, Labrador Retrievers and Gordon Setters. About half of Boxers and less than half of Shar-Pei dogs descend from the A1a line. It is also common across the world among village dogs, a legacy of European colonialism.

A388

DBF Bobcat Sugar And Spice’s Haplotype

Part of the large A1a haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in Staffordshire Terriers, Labrador Retrievers, and English Bulldogs.

Shar Pei dogs think A1a is the coolest!

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that Sweety inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since Sweety is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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