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Banjo

Poodle

“Mini Poodle”

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Registration

American Kennel Club (AKC):

Genetic Breed Result

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Poodle (Standard)

Known as the national dog breed of France, poodles were developed in Germany and are known for their loyalty and distinctive coat.

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Poodle (Small)

A highly intelligent and playful dog, Miniature and Toy Poodles make for great lap dogs and companions.

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DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
Poodle (Standard)
Poodle (Small)

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Here’s what Banjo’s family tree may have looked like.
Banjo
Family Tree From Embark PARENTS GRANDPARENTS GREAT GRANDPARENTS Poodle (Standard) mix Poodle (Standard) / Poodle (Small) mix Poodle (Standard) Poodle (Small) / Poodle (Standard) mix Poodle (Standard) Poodle (Small) Poodle (Standard) Poodle (Standard) Poodle (Small) Poodle (Standard) mix Poodle (Standard) Poodle (Standard) Poodle (Small) Poodle (Small)
While there may be other possible configurations of his family’s relationships, this is the most likely family tree to explain Banjo’s breed mix.

Breed Reveal Video

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Health Summary

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Banjo is at increased risk for one genetic health condition.

And inherited two variants that you should learn more about.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)

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Banjo inherited one copy of the variant we tested

How to interpret this result

Banjo has one copy of an FGF4 retrogene on chromosome 12. In some breeds such as Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, and Dachshunds (among others) this variant is found in nearly all dogs. While those breeds are known to have an elevated risk of IVDD, many dogs in those breeds never develop IVDD. For mixed breed dogs and purebreds of other breeds where this variant is not as common, risk for Type I IVDD is greater for individuals with this variant than for similar dogs.

What is Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)?

Type I Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a back/spine issue that refers to a health condition affecting the discs that act as cushions between vertebrae. With Type I IVDD, affected dogs can have a disc event where it ruptures or herniates towards the spinal cord. This pressure on the spinal cord causes neurologic signs which can range from a wobbly gait to impairment of movement. Chondrodystrophy (CDDY) refers to the relative proportion between a dog’s legs and body, wherein the legs are shorter and the body longer. There are multiple different variants that can cause a markedly chondrodystrophic appearance as observed in Dachshunds and Corgis. However, this particular variant is the only one known to also increase the risk for IVDD.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd

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Banjo inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Banjo’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Banjo is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because he only has one copy of the variant.

Impact on Breeding

Your dog carries this variant and will pass it on to ~50% of his offspring. You can email breeders@embarkvet.com to discuss with a genetic counselor how the genotype results should be applied to a breeding program.

What is Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd?

PRA-prcd is a retinal disease that causes progressive, non-painful vision loss. The retina contains cells, called photoreceptors, that collect information about light and send signals to the brain. There are two types of photoreceptors: rods, for night vision and movement, and cones, for day vision and color. This type of PRA leads to early loss of rod cells, leading to night blindness before day blindness.

ALT Activity

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Banjo inherited one copy of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Banjo has one copy of a variant associated with reduced ALT activity as measured on veterinary blood chemistry panels. Please inform your veterinarian that Banjo has this genotype, as ALT is often used as an indicator of liver health and Banjo is likely to have a lower than average resting ALT activity. As such, an increase in Banjo’s ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Von Willebrand Disease Type I, Type I vWD (VWF)

Identified in Standard Poodles, Small Poodles, and more

GM2 Gangliosidosis (HEXB, Poodle Variant)

Identified in Standard Poodles, Small Poodles, and more

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM (SOD1A)

Identified in Standard Poodles

Neonatal Encephalopathy with Seizures, NEWS (ATF2)

Identified in Standard Poodles, Small Poodles, and more

Osteochondrodysplasia (SLC13A1, Poodle Variant)

Identified in Standard Poodles, Small Poodles, and more

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Banjo’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace his mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

B1

Haplotype

B84

Map

B1

Banjo’s Haplogroup

B1 is the second most common maternal lineage in breeds of European or American origin. It is the female line of the majority of Golden Retrievers, Basset Hounds, and Shih Tzus, and about half of Beagles, Pekingese and Toy Poodles. This lineage is also somewhat common among village dogs that carry distinct ancestry from these breeds. We know this is a result of B1 dogs being common amongst the European dogs that their conquering owners brought around the world, because nowhere on earth is it a very common lineage in village dogs. It even enables us to trace the path of (human) colonization: Because most Bichons are B1 and Bichons are popular in Spanish culture, B1 is now fairly common among village dogs in Latin America.

B84

Banjo’s Haplotype

Part of the large B1 haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in Golden Retrievers, Beagles, and Staffordshire Terriers.

The B1 haplogroup can be found in village dogs like the Peruvian Village Dog, pictured above.

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Through Banjo’s Y-chromosome we can trace his father’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1b

Haplotype

Ha.7

Map

A1b

Banjo’s Haplogroup

For most of dog history, this haplogroup was probably quite rare. However, a couple hundred years ago it seems to have found its way into a prized male guard dog in Europe who had many offspring, including the ancestors of many European guard breeds such as Doberman Pinchers, St. Bernards, and Great Danes. Despite being rare, many of the most imposing dogs on Earth have it; strangely, so do many Pomeranians! Perhaps this explains why some Poms are so tough, acting like they're ten times their actual size! This lineage is most commonly found in working dogs, in particular guard dogs. With origins in Europe, it spread widely across other regions as Europeans took their dogs across the world.

Ha.7

Banjo’s Haplotype

Part of the A1b haplogroup, this haplotype is found in village dogs from Lebanon and Indonesia. Among breeds, it is also found in Miniature Schnauzer and Toy Poodle.

Great Danes and Pomeranians have this in common!

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